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1.
Guatemala; MSPAS, Departamento de Epidemiología; oct. 2018. 25 p.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1025310

ABSTRACT

Estos protocolos están dirigido a personal médico, paramédico y otros profesionales que realizan acciones gerenciales y operativas de vigilancia epidemiológica en los servicios de salud del país, y están divididos en varios tomos para dar a conocer y actualizar la identificación y medidas de control para diversos padecimientos a fin de continuar con el mejoramiento de las capacidades técnicas de los trabajadores de salud, que permita planificar la prestación de servicios con decisiones partiendo de un enfoque epidemiológico comprobado, para responder a los cambios de tendencias epidemiológicas y con ello contribuir al fortalecimiento de prácticas asertivas de la salud pública de nuestro país.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Food and Nutritional Surveillance , Child Nutrition Disorders , Morbidity/trends , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/prevention & control , Malnutrition/prevention & control , Severe Acute Malnutrition/prevention & control , Health Surveillance/organization & administration , Infant Mortality/trends , Epidemiological Monitoring , Guatemala
2.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 63(5): 407-413, May 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-896351

ABSTRACT

Summary Introduction: Protein-energy malnutrition in Crohn's disease (CD) has been reported in 20 to 92% of patients, and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and higher costs for the health system. Anti-TNF drugs are a landmark in the clinical management, promoting prolonged remission in patients with CD. It is believed that the remission of this disease leads to nutritional recovery. The effect of biological therapy on body composition and nutritional status is unclear. Method: Prospective study of body assessment by bioelectrical impedance method in patients with moderate to severe CD undergoing treatment with infliximab. The main outcome was the body composition before and after 6 months of anti-TNF therapy. Results: There was a predominance of females (52%) with a mean age of 42±12 years. Most patients were eutrophic at baseline and remained so. There was an increase in all parameters of body composition after anti-TNF treatment: BMI (22.9±3.2 versus 25±3.8; p=0.005), waist circumference (88.1±6.7 versus 93.9±7.7; p=0.002), lean mass index (17.5±2.2 versus 18.2±2.3; p=0.000) and fat mass index (5.5±2.3 versus 6.8±2.3; p=0.000). Phase angle remained unchanged (6.2 versus 6.8; p=0.94). Conclusion: After therapy with IFX, all components of body composition increased, except for phase angle. The substantial increase in fat mass index and waist circumference led to concern regarding cardiovascular risk and, thus, to the need for further studies.


Resumo Introdução: Desnutrição proteico-calórica em pacientes de doença de Crohn (DC) tem sido relatada em 20 a 92% dos casos associando-se a maior morbimortalidade e maiores custos para o sistema de saúde. Agentes anti-TNF são um marco no controle clínico, promovendo remissão prolongada em portadores de DC. Acredita-se que a remissão da doença leve à recuperação nutricional desses pacientes. O efeito da terapia biológica na composição corporal e no estado nutricional é pouco conhecido. Método: Estudo prospectivo de avaliação corporal por método de bioimpedância em portadores de DC moderada a grave submetidos a terapia com infliximabe (IFX). O desfecho principal foi a composição corporal antes e após 6 meses de terapia anti-TNF. Resultados: Houve predomínio do sexo feminino (52%), com média de idades de 42±12 anos. A maioria dos pacientes era eutrófica na inclusão do estudo e assim permaneceu. Houve aumento de todos os parâmetros da composição corporal após o tratamento anti-TNF: IMC (22,9±3,2 versus 25±3,8; p=0,005), circunferência abdominal (88,1±6,7 versus 93,9±7,7; p=0,002), índice de massa magra (17,5±2,2 versus 18,2±2,3; p=0,000) e índice de massa gorda (5,5±2,3 versus 6,8±2,3; p=0,000). O ângulo de fase manteve-se inalterado (6,2 versus 6,8; p=0,94). Conclusão: Após terapia com IFX, observou-se aumento de todos os componentes da composição corporal, exceto no ângulo de fase. O aumento substancial do índice de massa gorda e da circunferência abdominal levantam a preocupação de aumento nos riscos cardiovasculares e necessidade de estudos complementares.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Body Composition/drug effects , Gastrointestinal Agents/therapeutic use , Crohn Disease/drug therapy , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors , Infliximab/therapeutic use , Time Factors , Severity of Illness Index , Exercise/physiology , Crohn Disease/physiopathology , Anthropometry , Nutritional Status , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/prevention & control , Electric Impedance , Statistics, Nonparametric , Middle Aged
3.
Rev. cuba. med ; 52(1): 37-48, ene.-mar. 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-671313

ABSTRACT

Introducción: algunos investigadores consideran que la malnutrición proteico energética es la complicación más frecuente en el paciente cirrótico y que constituye un elemento predictor independiente de supervivencia. Objetivos: determinar el estado nutricional y su relación con la causa, el tiempo de evolución y la ingesta calórica en pacientes con cirrosis hepática compensada. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de todos los pacientes gaboneses de ambos sexos, entre 15 y 60 años, con este diagnóstico. Se halló predominio de las mujeres y del grupo entre 45 y 54 años, con una edad media de 45 años (± 7,6). Prevalecieron la causa mixta y el grupo A de la clasificación de Child-Pugh-Turcotte. Todos tenían menos de 1 año desde el diagnóstico de la enfermedad y según el índice de masa corporal, la malnutrición proteico-energética se observó en 75 por ciento de los casos, predominó la delgadez moderada. La circunferencia del brazo se afectó con menor frecuencia e intensidad que el índice de masa corporal. En la medida que disminuyó el número de comidas al día aumentó el porcentaje de pacientes con malnutrición proteico-energética. Conclusiones: la frecuencia de malnutrición de la población cirrótica compensada fue elevada, con mayor índice de malnutrición en los casos de causa mixta, además, se comprobó que el estado nutricional del paciente cirrótico no puede ser valorado al margen de factores dietéticos


Introduction: some researchers believe that protein energy malnutrition is the most common complication in cirrhotic patients and it is an independent predictor of survival element. Objectives: to determine the nutritional status and its relationship to the cause, time of evolution and caloric intake in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis. Methods: a descriptive study of all Gabonese patients of both sexes, between the ages 15 and 60 years, with this diagnosis. Women and the group between 45 and 54 years was found predominant (mean age 45 years (± 7.6)). Additionally, mixed cause and group A in Child-Pugh-Turcotte widely existed. All patients had diagnosis of this disease for less than a year and according to their body mass index, protein-energy malnutrition was observed in 75 percent of cases; moderate thinness predominated. The arm circumference was less frequently and intensively affected than the body mass index. To the extent that the number of meals reduced per day, the percentage of patients with protein-energy malnutrition increased. Conclusions: the frequency of malnutrition of compensated cirrhotic population was high, with the highest rate of malnutrition in cases of mixed causes; it also was proved that the nutritional status of cirrhotic patient cannot be valued regardless of dietary factors


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Liver Cirrhosis/therapy , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/complications , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/diet therapy , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/prevention & control , Energy Intake/physiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Nutritional Status/physiology , Observational Studies as Topic
4.
São Paulo; s.n; s.n; 2011. 183 p. tab, graf, ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-837239

ABSTRACT

A desnutrição protéico-energética (DPE) afeta mais de 1 bilhão de pessoas no mundo, principalmente crianças, idosos e pacientes hospitalizados. Ela provoca alterações metabólicas e hormonais, além de afetar o tecido hemopoético. O comprometimento da hemopoese provoca anemia e leucopenia, modificando a resposta imune inata e adquirida do organismo. Dessa forma, é comum a associação entre desnutrição e infecção, levando ao comprometimento do tratamento e aumento da morbidade e mortalidade de indivíduos hospitalizados. Após a recuperação nutricional, é relatada a reversão das alterações bioquímicas e hormonais, bem como das alterações na hemopoese e na resposta imune. Porém, muitos resultados são controversos, existindo dúvidas quanto à reversibilidade das alterações. Assim, nos propusemos a avaliar os efeitos da recuperação nutricional nos parâmetros bioquímicos, hormonais, hematológicos e imunológicos em modelo murino de desnutrição. Os animais desnutridos apresentaram perda de peso significativa, redução de proteínas totais, albumina, glicose, insulina e IGF-1, bem como aumento de glutamina plasmática, glutamina sintetase muscular e corticosterona. Houve redução dos parâmetros hepáticos e musculares, bem como alteração na sensibilidade à insulina, evidenciada pelos testes de OGTT e ITT. Todas as alterações descritas caracterizam o quadro de desnutrição. Após a recuperação nutricional, alguns parâmetros foram normalizados, mas as concentrações de glicose, insulina e IGF-1 permaneceram reduzidas. Da mesma forma, as alterações na concentração de DNA hepático e na sensibilidade à insulina permaneceram nos animais renutridos. A pancitopenia periférica e hipocelularidade da medula óssea e do baço observadas nos animais desnutridos foram revertidas após a renutrição. A avaliação de macrófagos peritoniais mostrou reversão parcial do comprometimento da capacidade e adesão e espraiamento, bem como da atividade fungicida nos animais renutridos. A produção de peróxido de hidrogênio continuou baixa após a recuperação nutricional, enquanto a produção de óxido nítrico voltou a aumentar. O comprometimento da produção de citocinas pró-inflamatórias decorrente da desnutrição não foi completamente revertido, visto que, em camundongos Swiss Webster, somente a produção de TNF-α retornou ao normal, enquanto em camundongos C56BL/6J a produção de nenhuma citocina foi restabelecida. A avaliação da via de sinalização do fator de transcrição NFkB mostrou alteração na expressão de MyD88, TRAF-6, IkKß e IkBα em animais desnutridos. Após a recuperação nutricional, algumas dessas proteínas não retornaram ao normal. Os animais desnutridos também apresentaram comprometimento da ativação de NFkB, que não foi normalizada após a recuperação nutricional. Sendo assim, é possível afirmar que o retorno a uma dieta normoprotéica não é suficiente para reverter todas as alterações causadas pela desnutrição


Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) affects more than 1 billion people worldwide, mainly children, elderly and hospitalized patients. It causes metabolic and hormonal changes, besides affecting hematopoietic tissue. Impaired hematopoiesis causes anemia and leukopenia, modifying innate and acquired immune response of the organism. Thus, it is common the association between malnutrition and infection, leading to impaired treatment and increasing morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. After nutritional recovery, it is reported reversal of biochemical and hormonal changes, as well as, reversal of changes in hematopoiesis and immune response. However, many results are controversial, and there are doubts about the reversibility of the changes. Thus, we proposed to evaluate the effects of nutritional recovery biochemical, hormonal, haematological and immunological parameters in a murine model of malnutrition. The malnourished animals showed significant weight loss, reduction in total protein, albumin, glucose, insulin and IGF-1, as well as increased plasma glutamine, corticosterone and muscle glutamine synthetase. There was a reduction in muscle and liver parameters as well as change in insulin sensitivity, evidenced by the tests of OGTT and ITT. All modifications described characterize the malnutrition. After nutritional recovery, there was normalization of some parameters, but the concentrations of glucose, insulin and IGF-1 remained low. Likewise, changes in hepatic DNA concentration and insulin sensitivity remained in renourished animals. Peripheral pancytopenia and hypocellularity in bone marrow and spleen observed in malnourished animals were reversed after refeeding. The evaluation of peritoneal macrophages showed partial reversal of impairment of adhesion and spreading ability, as well as fungicidal activity in animals renourished. The hydrogen peroxide production remained low after nutritional recovery, while nitric oxide production increased again. Impaired production of proinflammatory cytokines due to malnutrition was not completely reversed, whereas in Swiss Webster mice, only the production of TNF-α returned to normal, whereas in C56BL/6J mice no cytokine production was restored. The assessment of the signalling pathway of transcription factor NFkB showed alterations in the expression of MyD88, TRAF-6 IkKß and IkBα in malnourished animals. After nutritional recovery, some of these proteins didn't return to normal. Malnourished animals also showed impaired activation of NFkB, which wasn't normalized after nutritional recovery. Therefore, it is possible to say that the return to a normal diet is not enough to reverse all the changes caused by malnutrition


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Mice , Nutrition Rehabilitation/methods , /analysis , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/prevention & control , Hematopoiesis
5.
Indian J Pediatr ; 2010 July; 77(7): 763-769
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-142626

ABSTRACT

Objective. To study the impact of wholesome mid day meal (MDM) program run by an NGO on the growth of the primary school students in rural area of Mathura district. Methods. This intervention study involved children enrolled in Government run rural primary schools in Mathura district in Uttar Pradesh from March 06 through August 07. A wholesome, nutritionally balanced MDM provided by an NGO for the students in the 6 primary schools was selected as intervention group. Control group consisted of children in 8 schools which received locally prepared MDM by village panchayats. Height, weight, change in height/month, change in weight/month, prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition and prevalence of signs of vitamin deficiencies, were measured. Results. Food was provided for 221 days in one year. Within group and between groups repetitive measures were compared using generalized estimating equation (GEE). Within both intervention and control groups height and weight had significantly increased (p < 0.05), while there was no significant difference between the groups. There was no change in prevalence of malnutrition within either of the groups. Reduction in vitamin A deficiency signs was 38% more in intervention group (p < 0.001). Prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency reduced by 50% more in intervention group. No such differences between groups were observed for vitamin B complex and vitamin C. Conclusions. MDM provided by the NGO has no better impact on growth of the primary school children, however, it reduced prevalence of vitamin deficiency significantly in comparison to the MDM run by Village Panchayats.


Subject(s)
Avitaminosis/epidemiology , Avitaminosis/prevention & control , Body Height , Body Weight , Child , Child Nutrition Disorders/epidemiology , Child Nutrition Disorders/prevention & control , Child, Preschool , Female , Food Services , Growth , Health Promotion , Humans , India/epidemiology , Male , Organizations , Prevalence , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/epidemiology , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/prevention & control , School Health Services
6.
Santiago de Chile; Corporación para la Nutrición Infantil (CONIN); 2006. [14] p. ilus, tab, graf.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-493425
7.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 55(1): 71-76, mar. 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-419098

ABSTRACT

El propósito del estudio fue evaluar la situación nutricional del enfermo anciano hospitalizado empleando el Mininutritional Assessment (MNA) y diversos parámetros nutricionales, conocer la prevalencia de la malnutrición entre ellos y valorar la correlación de la malnutrición con algunas características epidemiológicas de los pacientes estudiados para definir el grupo con mayor riesgo de padecerla. Se realizó un estudio transversal sobre 200 pacientes ancianos ingresados en el Hospital USP San Carlos (Murcia, España) durante un periodo de 3 meses, mediante una encuesta que incluía variables demográficas y el test MNA. También se recogieron los niveles séricos de albúmina y transferrina y el recuento linfocitario en sangre. En el análisis estadístico se utilizó la X² de Pearson para variables cualitativas, la t de Student para muestras independientes y el coeficiente de Spearman. La media de edad fue de 80,72 DE 7,43 años. El peso medio fue de 63,41 DE 19,57 kg., la talla media 160,93 DE 8,36 cm y el Indice de Masa Corporal de 24,27 DE 7,31. Las cifras medias de albúmina, transferrina y linfocitos totales fueron 3,09 DE 0,5 g/l, 1,69 DE 0,37 mg/dl y 1412 mm3 respectivamente. El resultado del MNA fue de 15,9 DE 6,21 y un 50 por ciento (n=100) de los enfermos valorados mostró algún grado de malnutrición. El análisis de correlación demostró asociación estadísticamente significativa (p<0,001) entre valores de malnutrición del MNA y valores por debajo de lo normal de los parámetros bioquímicos e inmunológicos. Los pacientes que presentan enfermedades crónicas, mayor deterioro físico y mental y menor autosuficiencia están desnutridos o en alto riesgo de estarlo. La valoración nutricional debe realizarse como rutina al ingreso de los ancianos en el hospital para detectar y tratar precozmente cualquier signo de malnutrición


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/prevention & control , Nutritional Status , Nutritional Sciences , Spain
8.
J. bras. med ; 88(1/2): 25-32, jan.- fev. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-561176

ABSTRACT

A desnutrição calórico-proteica é comum em todas as formas de cirrose e diminui o prognóstico naqueles pacientes na lista de espera ao transplante hepático. O racional na utilização de terapia nutricional naqueles pacientes na lista de espera ao transplante hepático. O racional na utilização de terapia nutricinal nesses pacientes baseia-se na grande melhora, oumesmo na estabilização do quadro metabólico, dando tempo para a regeneração do hepatócito. O autor revisa a terapêutica nutricional na abordagem das doenças hepáticas.


As primarily a metabolic organ, the liver orchestrates a complex away of biochemical process. The regulation of protein and energy metabolism is concentrated in the liver. Consequently the patients with liver disease have abnormal protein calorie malnutrition. The present work makes a revision of as the malnutrition it can alter the prognostic of cirrhotic patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/complications , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/diet therapy , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/prevention & control , Liver/physiopathology , Liver/metabolism , Liver Diseases/diet therapy , Liver Diseases/physiopathology , Nutrition Assessment , Nutrition Therapy/methods , Nutrition Therapy , Brain Diseases/diet therapy , Liver Failure/prevention & control , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects , Liver Transplantation , Postoperative Care
9.
Prensa méd. argent ; 92(7): 457-460, 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-421320

ABSTRACT

Este estudio fue realizado con el objeto de determinar las posibilidades operativas del método de fraccionamiento en comparación con la antropometría clásica como es el peso, la talla, circunferencia muscular del brazo, pliegue tricipital y BMI a nivel poblacional


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Male , Humans , Female , Anthropometry , Body Mass Index , Protein Deficiency/diagnosis , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/diagnosis , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/prevention & control , Population
10.
EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal. 2004; 10 (6): 844-852
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-158356

ABSTRACT

A multidisciplinary intervention to reduce protein-energy malnutrition among children in rural areas was piloted in 3 provinces of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Based on an initial situation analysis, a range of interventions were implemented through local nongovernmental organizations, including nutrition, health and literacy education for mothers, improved growth monitoring and fostering rural cooperatives and income generation schemes. Malnutrition before and after the intervention [in 1996 and 1999] was assessed using anthropometric measurements of r and om samples of children aged 6-35 months in control and intervention areas. Three years into the intervention, all indicators of malnutrition had consistently decreased in all intervention areas and the prevalence of underweight and stunting was significantly lower. Control areas showed a mixed pattern of small increases and decreases in malnutrition indicators


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Anthropometry , Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/education , Child, Preschool , Cooperative Behavior , Educational Status , Interinstitutional Relations , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/prevention & control , Rural Health Services/organization & administration
13.
RBCF, Rev. bras. ciênc. farm. (Impr.) ; 38(1): 23-32, jan.-mar. 2002.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-317066

ABSTRACT

O tratamento do paciente gravemente enfermo tem despertado bastante interesse nos últimos anos. A terapia nutricional tem um papel fundamental para estes pacientes, visando: prevenir a desnutriçäo calórico-protéica e avaliar e determinar as necessidades nutricionais de forma mais adequda possível. Inúmeras dietas estäo disponíveis, no entanto, as dietas imunoestimulantes com arginina, ácido graxo ômega-3, nucleotídeos e glutamina estäo sendo muito utilizadas, com o esforço de diminuir as complicações infecciosas, mas suas vantagens terapêuticas ainda estäo sendo debatidas...


Subject(s)
Humans , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/prevention & control , Diet Therapy , Intensive Care Units , Enteral Nutrition , Nutrition Assessment , Anthropometry , Calorimetry , Body Composition/immunology , Evaluation Study
14.
Rev. bras. crescimento desenvolv. hum ; 11(1): 55-60, jan.-jul. 2001. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-300594

ABSTRACT

Realizou-se 'sreening' para desnutriçäo infantil utilizando-se mediçäo do perímetro braquial de crianças de 6 a 60 meses de idade nos postos de vacinaçäo, durante realizaçäo da CAMPOLIO/ junho de 1991, no Distrito de Saúde de Itaquera, Säo Paulo. Criança detectadas tiveram seus nomes, idades e endereços anotados, plotados em mapa da regiäo dividido por área de abrangência das UBSs e por "micro-áreas" de risco, delineadas em trabalho efetuado pelas equipes técnicas de Itaquera através de levantamento sócioeconômico. Os dados foram comparados com planilhas de distribuiçäo de leite em pó das UBSs da regiäo. Observou-se que as crianças triadas se distribuíam pelo território concentrando-se em micro-áreas de maior risco sócioeconômico. Constatou-se que 25,81 por cento destas crianças receberam leite no período. Conclui que o método é de fácil operacionalizaçäo e bastante útil na proposta de se estender o Programa de Suplementaçäo Alimentar para a populaçäo que permanece alijada do acesso as UBSs


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Child , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/epidemiology , Health Services Accessibility , Nutrition Programs , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/prevention & control , Geographical Localization of Risk , Local Health Strategies , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference , Nutrition for Vulnerable Groups , Poverty Areas , Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
15.
JPMA-Journal of Pakistan Medical Association. 2001; 51 (7): 247-250
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-57423

ABSTRACT

Vitamin A deficiency [VAD] causes blindness of 250,000 to 500,000 children annually, around the world. It also increases the risk of morbidity and mortality due to other diseases. Pakistan is categorized in the 'Severe Sub-Clinical Deficiency' group. A mass supplementation program has been started in 1999. AIM: To determine the coverage of vitamin A supplements in children under five years of age, and to assess the incidence of symptoms related to hypervitaminosis A. SETTING: Block I-A of Gulshan-e-Sikanderabad. METHODOLOGY: A survey was conducted, using the fourth year MBBS students of Ziauddin Medical University [ZMU], under faculty supervision. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to assess coverage and symptoms of toxicity. Data was obtained on 489 children. The coverage of polio and vitamin A supplementation was 88% and 74.8%, respectively. In all 15 children [4.4%] experienced symptoms of toxicity related to vitamin A supplementation. Although vitamin A supplementation can save lives, it is only a short term measure. What is needed is a multi-strategy approach including short and long term strategies


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Vitamin A Deficiency , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/prevention & control
16.
Bol. Hosp. Niños J. M. de los Ríos ; 36(1): 15-20, ene.-abr. 2000. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-305195

ABSTRACT

El manejo nutricional es un elemento esencial en los cuidados del niño enfermo. Se estima que del 30 al 50 por ciento de los niños hospitalizados tienen evidencias clínicas de malnutrición y existe una relación entre el estado nutricional y la mortalidad hospitalaria. Desde su introducción a finales de los años sesenta la nutrición parenteral total ha reducido la incidencia de malnutrición ligada a enfermedades digestivas y no digestivas. La nutrición parenteral total ha reducido la incidencia de malnutrición ligada a enfermedades digestivas y no digestivas. La nutrición parenteral está indicada en el niño para corregir o provenir la malnutrición cualquiera sea la causa, desde el momento en que un aporte enteral óptimo no puede realizarse durante un período prolongado


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Case Management , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/prevention & control , Digestive System Diseases , Parenteral Nutrition, Total , Medicine , Venezuela
18.
EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal. 2000; 6 (2-3): 238-245
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-157789

ABSTRACT

A project was conducted in a rural area in September 1994 with the aim of decreasing the incidence of protein-energy malnutrition among children under 5 years, by nutritional intervention through the primary health care system. An initial situation analysis revealed the region's resources and causes of malnutrition. Practical instruction on feeding methods, deworming, environmental sanitation, the promotion of home-grown vegetables and reinforcement of the growth monitoring programme were chosen as the routes for intervention. All indices were reassessed in the region after 1 year. Results showed that nutritional awareness had grown among mothers, and that the incidence of malnutrition had dropped from 6.5% to 1.8%, as measured against the weight-for-height index


Subject(s)
Humans , Community Health Services , Child , Mothers , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Feeding Behavior , Anthropometry , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/prevention & control
19.
Pediatr. mod ; 35(9): 707-8, 711-2, 714-6, passim, set. 1999. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-263083

ABSTRACT

A desnutriçäo protéico-calórica da criança é uma doença de origem multifatorial e trabalhos realizados em outros países mostram que a baixa escolaridade dos pais é um dos fatores possivelmente implicados na sua gênese e perpetuaçäo. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência da escolaridade dos pais sobre o estado nutricional dos filhos. Em um corte transversal, foram estudadas 841 crianças com idades entre dez dias e cinco anos, em um bairro da periferia de Ribeiräo Preto, Säo Paulo, Brasil, realizando-se a avaliaçäo do estado nutricional pelo método de Gomez e avaliando-se o grau de escolaridade dos pais. Para a análise estatística se utilizou o método de quiquadrado com alfa de 5 porcento. Tanto a baixa escolaridade do pai como da mäe se relacionaram à subnutriçäo do filho. Com base nessa resultado, procura-se discutir a importância das medidas de promoçäo social para prevenir a desnutriçäo infantil


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Male , Female , Parents , Educational Status , Nutrition Assessment , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/etiology , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/prevention & control , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Socioeconomic Factors
20.
Lima; PROMUDEH; 1999. 60 p. ilus.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-274236

ABSTRACT

Contiene: Programa Interinstitucional de Salud; Programa Interinstitucional de Alimentación y Nutrición; Programa Interinstitucional de Agua y Saneamiento; Programa Interinstitucional de Promoción y Protección de la Niñez y la Adolescencia; Programa Interinstitucional de Educación; Medidas de política para la equidad de género y empoderamiento de la mujer


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Basic Sanitation , Child Health/statistics & numerical data , Immunization Programs , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/prevention & control , Infant Mortality , Maternal Mortality , Maternal Welfare , Sex , Water Supply , Peru
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